George W. Casey Jr. Bush records interviews with Al Arabiya and US-sponsored Al-Hurra networks expressing his disgust with the mistreatment of Iraqi detainees. May 6, - The Justice Department announces that it is looking into three suspicious deaths of detainees, two in Iraq and one in Afghanistan, and the involvement of the CIA and contractors in the deaths. May 10, - Bush views some of the photos at the Pentagon and announces his firm support for Rumsfeld.
May 12, - Rumsfeld testifies before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee. August 24, - An independent commission headed by former Secretary of Defense James Schleslinger reports that what took place at the prison was due largely to "sadism" on the part of officers working the night shift, but that responsibility for the mistreatment of prisoners went higher up the chain of command, back to Washington.
August 25, - The Fay-Jones report on the Abu Ghraib scandal finds 44 instances of abuse, some of which amounted to torture. June 1, - Sgt. Santos Cardona, an Army dog handler, is found guilty of two of five counts against him, including aggravated assault and unlawfully using his dog to threaten detainees.
He is sentenced to 90 days hard labor and a reduction of rank. September 1, - Control of Abu Ghraib is handed over to the Iraqis after all of the detainees are transferred elsewhere. February 21, - Abu Ghraib reopens after major renovations which include a new gym, barber shop, sewing room, outdoor recreational areas, a library, and computer room.
Its name is changed to Baghdad Central Prison. September - Saleh et al v. Titan Corporation et al, a federal class action lawsuit alleging abuse at Abu Ghraib by civilian contractors from CACI International is dismissed by a federal appeals court. April - Iraq closes the prison due to security concerns.
Hellerstein orders the Defense Department to release photos that show detainees being abused in detention centers in Iraq and Afghanistan.
January 18, - Hellerstein rules that the government must release an estimated 2, additional photos of prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib and other military facilities in Iraq and Afghanistan. Military interrogations were restricted and "black site" prisons, CIA-run facilities where detainees were subjected to harsh interrogations, shut down. A new legal framework was created so that perpetrators, whether they worked for the government or a military contractor, could be more easily held accountable.
Yet human-rights advocates say that despite the changes in law and government policy, people are now more accepting of the idea of torture than they were in the past.
The Abu Ghraib photos were shocking but over time outrage faded. Despite widespread rejection of those images, a "disturbing number" of voters later said yes when asked if torture was ever justified, says Katherine Hawkins, an investigator who works for the Project on Government Oversight. One recent poll suggests two-thirds of Americans think torture can be justified. She and others believe that Abu Ghraib is more than a dark chapter in the nation's past. During the campaign, Donald Trump said that if he were elected president he would bring back waterboarding, an interrogation technique that's banned by federal law, as well as methods that were "a hell of a lot worse" than waterboarding.
He shifted his position after the election, saying he would defer to Defence Secretary James Mattis, who has said torture was a bad idea. But the new national security adviser, John Bolton, has previously said that Americans should have the full range of interrogation methods available to them - and that he's open to the possibility of waterboarding in order to get information from someone. Trump's nominee for CIA director, Gina Haspel, once oversaw a black site, and human-rights activists say she is not suitable for the role of director because of her role in the harsh interrogation programme under the Bush administration.
She said during her confirmation process she would not re-start the harsh interrogation programme and conceded it was wrong. But it will likely not stop her being confirmed later this month. Nearly a decade and a half after the scandal, Mora says he's not sure people in the US have learned lessons in humility, the kind that Sivits describes.
Mora reminds me that the president and many political leaders say that they support the use of torture. The laws against torture remain in place. But Mora says he worries that if Americans engage in another full-scale war like the one in Iraq, they'll resort to torture again.
Image source, Nubar Alexanian. Sivits looked for work in Martinsburg, where he lived after serving time in prison.
A Hyndman native, Robert Clites remembers Sivits as a "courteous kid". Image source, Jana Birchum. Charles Graner, centre, was sentenced to 10 years in prison for his role in the abuse. More on Abu Ghraib.
This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Photographing former prisoners at Abu Ghraib. At the prison, Lynndie England held a detainee on a leash. Image source, Getty Images. Abu Ghraib later became a byword for abuses carried out by US forces following the invasion when photographs surfaced the following year showing Iraqi detainees being humiliated by US guards, igniting worldwide outrage.
Officials said hundreds of inmates had escaped and more than 50 prisoners and members of the security forces had been killed in the assaults, which were claimed by the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant, a powerful jihadist group.
Iraq has been hit by a year-long surge in violence, driven principally by widespread anger among the Sunni Arab minority, who say they are mistreated by the Shia-led government and security forces, as well as by the civil war in neighbouring Syria. Iraqis had controlled part of Abu Ghraib during the U. They were in charge of an area that housed ordinary criminals — those convicted of murder, rape, robbery and other crimes. Americans controlled a separate section that served as a military base and a place for security detainees.
In , a scandal erupted when enlisted U. Leaked photographs from cellblock 1A and 1B showed prisoners hooded and nude, cowering beside prison dogs, forced into sexual positions and piled on top of each other.
For the human-rights violations, at least 11 American military police personnel were arrested, charged, dishonorably discharged and sentenced to prison — including England, who served three years in a naval prison.
Others who made plea deals testified at her trial. The scandal debilitated U. The prison had already carried a malevolent tint in the eyes of Iraqis before the U. Under Saddam Hussein it became a symbol of his totalitarian rule. Political prisoners, mostly from the persecuted Shia majority, were routinely executed in the hundreds during his decades-long rule of the country.
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